Climate change has a large effect on agriculture sector and, consequently, on the food available forresidents of Hai District and other regions of Tanzania. Based on four decades of climate data, thisstudy assessed the impacts of climate change and its potential vulnerability on food availability inHai District, Kilimanjaro region. The results from this study suggest an association between foodcrop production and variation in climate (temperature and rainfall) in Hai District. Consideringthe aspect of rainfall and temperature, we demonstrate that rainfall and temperature have significantrelationship with maize and bean outputs. The rainfall had a strong positive associationwith maize and beans production and whereas temperature had inverse relationship with maizeand beans yields. With the annual loss $0.04 million and $0.01 million per year from cattle andgoats/sheep respectively and the additional annual loss of $29 million and $10.8 million from maizeand bean crops respectively in Hai District during years of severe and prolonged droughts, ourstudy highlighted how severe droughts can dramatically affect agriculture production and foodsecurity in the area. To mitigate climate change and provide effective adaptation measures, it isimperative to develop a broader research framework, which integrates bio-physical and socioeconomicaspects of food systems which addresses its vulnerability and thereby improve food security.
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